Aggregation of Red Blood Cells: From Rouleaux to Clot Formation

نویسندگان

  • C. Wagner
  • P. Steffen
  • S. Svetina
چکیده

Red blood cells are known to form aggregates in the form of rouleaux. This aggregation process is believed to be reversible, but there is still no full understanding on the binding mechanism. There are at least two competing models, based either on bridging or on depletion. We review recent experimental results on the single cell level and theoretical analyses of the depletion model and of the influence of the cell shape on the binding strength. Another important aggregation mechanism is caused by activation of platelets. This leads to clot formation which is life saving in the case of wound healing but also a major cause of death in the case of a thrombus induced stroke. We review historical and recent results on the participation of red blood cells in clot formation. Résumé Il est bien connu que les globules rouges forment des agrégats, connus sous le nom de rouleaux . Il est souvent admis que ce phénomène d’agrégation est réversible, mais l’élucidation prêcise des mécanismes à l’œuvre dans le processus conduisant à la liaison entre globules rouges est loin d’être achevé. Il existe dans la littérature au moins deux modèles distincts, l’un est basé sur la formation de ponts moléculaires et l’autre sur la notion de dépltion. Nous passons en revue les résultats expérimentaux récents l’échelle cellulaire et analysons le modle théorique basé sur la notion de dépltion. Nous discuterons l’influence de la forme cellulaire sur la force de liaison. Un autre mécanisme d’agrégation jouant un rôle important in vivo est celui associé l’activation plaquettaire. Ceci peut conduire la formation de caillots sanguins, processus vital lorsqu’il s’agit de cicatrisation de blessures, mais qui peut être également fatal, constituant une cause majeure de décs, lorsqu’il s’agit de thrombose.

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تاریخ انتشار 2013